Can Endometriosis Cause Excessive Bleeding?

Heavy and prolonged periods can interfere with daily life, leaving women worried about what might be causing their symptoms. For those with endometriosis, excessive bleeding could be one of the more frustrating aspects of managing the condition. Although endometriosis is commonly known for causing significant pain, it can also present with abnormal uterine bleeding that may lead to health complications like anaemia if left untreated.

This article will explore whether endometriosis can cause excessive bleeding, the mechanisms behind it, and when you should seek urgent medical care. If you’re experiencing heavy menstrual flow and suspect endometriosis, consulting a Gynaecologist in Secunderabad can provide the answers and relief you need.

Understanding Endometriosis and Heavy Bleeding 

What is Endometriosis? 

Endometriosis is a chronic condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (endometrium) grows outside the uterus, typically on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and pelvic walls. These abnormal growths react to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle, just like normal uterine tissue. However, since they are not located inside the uterus, they don’t have an outlet for shed blood, causing irritation, inflammation, and scarring.

Endometriosis can cause a variety of symptoms, including severe pelvic pain, painful menstruation, and, in some cases, heavy or irregular menstrual bleeding.

How Does Endometriosis Cause Excessive Bleeding? 

Abnormal uterine bleeding in endometriosis can occur due to several mechanisms. Here’s how the condition contributes to heavy menstrual flow:

1. Hormonal Imbalances 

Endometriosis is closely linked to hormonal changes, particularly oestrogen dominance, where oestrogen levels are higher compared to progesterone. 

• Impact on the Endometrium: Higher oestrogen levels cause the uterine lining to thicken more than usual, leading to heavy shedding during menstruation. 
• Prolonged Menstrual Cycles: Hormonal imbalances can also result in irregular periods, further exacerbating blood loss. 

2. Abnormal Growths and Blood Vessel Formation 

Endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus can develop small blood vessels that bleed during the menstrual cycle. Even though this tissue lies outside the uterus, its bleeding may contribute to pelvic inflammation and an overall feeling of heavier menstrual flow. 

3. Endometriomas 

Endometriosis can cause cysts called endometriomas, which form on the ovaries. Occasionally, these cysts may rupture, causing unexpected bleeding alongside your usual menstrual cycle. 

4. Impact on the Uterus 

Women with endometriosis are at higher risk of conditions like adenomyosis (where the uterine lining grows into the muscular walls of the uterus). This can further contribute to long and heavy periods characterised by clotting.

Symptoms Associated with Excessive Bleeding 

Excessive bleeding, medically known as menorrhagia, can be emotionally and physically draining. Recognising the signs is important for seeking timely intervention.

Signs of Excessive or Abnormal Uterine Bleeding 

• Heavy Menstrual Flow: Bleeding through a pad or tampon every hour or passing large blood clots. 
• Prolonged Bleeding: Periods lasting more than 7 days. 
• Spotting Between Periods: Unpredictable bleeding or spotting, even outside of your cycle. 
• Anaemia Symptoms: Severe blood loss may lead to fatigue, dizziness, breathlessness, or pale skin.

If you notice any of these signs, it’s important to consult a Gynaecologist in Hyderabad for further evaluation.

Why It’s Important to Address Excessive Bleeding?

Ignoring heavy or prolonged bleeding induced by endometriosis may lead to complications, such as:

1. Anaemia 

Excessive blood loss may deplete iron levels, leading to iron-deficiency anaemia. Symptoms of anaemia include weakness, shortness of breath, cold extremities, and general feelings of fatigue. 

2. Quality of Life Impacts 

Constant bleeding can disrupt daily activities, cause emotional distress, and interfere with relationships or work.

3. Reproductive Health Risks 

Long-term endometriosis without proper management can lead to scarring, adhesions, and infertility by compromising the normal functioning of the reproductive organs. 

Because excessive bleeding can be a sign of advanced endometriosis or related conditions, a complete evaluation by a Gynaecologist can help pinpoint its cause and provide steps for effective treatment.

Treatment Options for Heavy Bleeding 

While endometriosis cannot be cured, managing heavy or abnormal bleeding is possible with a combination of medical and lifestyle interventions. 

1. Hormonal Therapy 

Hormonal treatments can regulate or suppress the menstrual cycle, reducing the amount of bleeding and associated pain. Options include:

• Oral Contraceptives: Help control hormonal fluctuations and reduce period flow. 
• Progesterone-Based IUDs: These intrauterine devices thin the uterine lining, reducing both bleeding and pain. 
• GnRH Agonists: Temporarily induce a menopause-like state to suppress endometrial growth and bleeding. 

2. Non-Hormonal Medications 

• NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs): Help reduce blood flow and relieve menstrual pain. 
• Tranexamic Acid: Specifically designed to reduce menstrual bleeding, this medication can be taken during periods. 

3. Surgical Options 

For women with more severe or unmanageable symptoms, surgery may be recommended:

• Laparoscopy: Used to remove or destroy endometrial implants and reduce irregular bleeding. 
• Endometrial Ablation: A procedure to thin or remove the uterine lining, though it is best suited for women not planning future pregnancies. 

4. Lifestyle Adjustments 

Certain lifestyle changes can complement medical treatments and reduce inflammation:

• Anti-Inflammatory Diet: Include foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids, fibre, and antioxidants while avoiding processed or sugary foods. 
• Exercise: Gentle stretching, yoga, or walking can improve blood flow and alleviate pelvic tension. 
• Stress Management: Chronic stress amplifies hormone imbalances, so relaxation techniques like journaling or mindfulness may help.

When to Seek Urgent Medical Care?

If left unmanaged, excessive bleeding can spiral into severe complications. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:

• Heavy bleeding soaking through multiple pads or tampons an hour. 
• Severe pelvic or abdominal pain beyond normal menstrual cramps. 
• Dizziness or fainting due to blood loss. 
• Sudden, sharp pain accompanied by heavy bleeding, which could indicate a ruptured cyst or other emergency condition.

Final Thoughts 

Endometriosis can indeed cause excessive bleeding for several reasons, primarily linked to hormonal imbalances, abnormal tissue growth, or associated conditions like endometriomas. If you’re dealing with abnormal uterine bleeding, understanding the underlying mechanisms is the first step toward relief. With the right combination of medical treatment, self-care, and proper monitoring, heavy bleeding doesn’t have to control your life. 

At Mamata Fertility Hospital, our compassionate team of Gynaecologists is dedicated to helping women manage their endometriosis symptoms effectively. Whether you need advanced procedures or guidance on lifestyle adjustments, we’re here to support your health and well-being. 

Don’t wait—book your consultation today and regain control over your menstrual health.